Germany, Elections

Electoral System#

Germany uses AMS (Additional Member System / MMP) for the Bundestag: 299 direct Wahlkreis mandates plus compensatory list seats produce a 630-seat modern chamber. The 1953-default preset uses 487 seats. Federal Sainte-Laguë allocation applies the 5% or three-direct-mandate threshold; each Land's list allocation is its quota minus direct seats, floored at zero. Constituency and top-up computation lives in src/lib/turn/election/germanyAMS.ts10d ago; this document covers the Landesliste management layer. Source: src/lib/elections/germanyLandesliste.ts9d ago.

Landesliste#

A Landesliste is an ordered list of a party's candidates within one Bundesland. List seats are stored as one aggregate elected-official record per party and Land, with seatsHeld recording the total. The list supplies the named representative for that aggregate record rather than creating one official document per seat. Lists are stored in the landeslisten collection, keyed by (countryId: "DE", partyId, landId, cycle).

Auto-Generation#

autoGenerateLandesliste(db, { partyId, landId, cycle, preserveExisting? }):

• Ranks the party's members resident in that Land (homeState === landId) by nationalInfluence descending; members without NPI sort to the bottom in ObjectId order (a stable-ish tiebreak across runs).
• Upserts by (countryId: "DE", partyId, landId, cycle).
• If the existing list is lockedAt, this is a no-op regardless of preserveExisting, a locked list cannot be regenerated.
• If preserveExisting: true and an unlocked list already exists, returns it unchanged instead of overwriting chair edits.

generateLandeslistenForCycle(db, cycle) runs this for every distinct (party, Land) pair with at least one resident DE member, concurrently (Promise.all), always with preserveExisting: true. Called at Bundestag spawn so chairs have an edit window before the list is consumed by the AMS resolver.

Chair Edits#

reorderLandesliste(db, { partyId, landId, cycle, candidates, authoredBy? }) lets a party chair reorder or replace the list before it locks:

• Throws if no list exists for the (partyId, landId, cycle) key.
• Throws if the existing list is already lockedAt.
• Throws if candidates contains a duplicate id.
• Throws if any candidate is not a DE party member resident in that Land (validated against characters with party, homeState matching).
• On success, replaces candidates and stamps updatedAt (and authoredBy if provided).

Locking#

lockLandesliste(db, { partyId, landId, cycle }) sets lockedAt and blocks further chair edits. The helper exists, but the current spawn and AMS paths do not call it. Spawn generates lists, chair reordering can update them, and the resolver reads the current candidates order or falls back to NPI-ranked residents.

Reading#

getLandesliste(db, { partyId, landId, cycle }), direct lookup by the (countryId: "DE", partyId, landId, cycle) key; returns null if not found.

Lifecycle Summary#

Related#

• Constituency + compensatory seat math: src/lib/turn/election/germanyAMS.ts10d ago (not covered here).
• Country config: COUNTRY_CONFIGS.DE in src/lib/constants/countries.ts5d ago defines the Bundestag's election type key (bundestag), which also drives its inclusion in WESTMINSTER_STYLE_TYPES and NATIONAL_AGGREGATION_TYPES for the live-results national board, see live-election-results.md.